The Benefits of 4×4 Trucks
There are some jobs that need to be done where a truck is the perfect tool, but what stops a lot of them doing it is the terrain. That’s right, once you get off the highway and onto dirt tracks, regular trucks don’t always have what it takes to get the job done.
This is where 4×4 trucks come into their own, because they are built especially for off road work and gaining access to places that regular trucks cannot get to. This includes dirt tracks that have steep hills to climb, mountainous areas where there are remote cabins that need supplies getting in and out, dirt tracks that are prone to flooding and any other place that is inaccessible by other kinds of vehicle.
A good four wheel drive truck such as those in the Chevy range or Toyota HiLux can get to places most other trucks can’t and ensure deliveries of supplies to remote homesteads or work gangs in out of the way places. They are also perfect for ferrying workers to and from wilderness areas or even for getting you home if you live in a remote cabin on the side of a mountain with no permanent road access.
The secret to the 4×4 is in its transmission being able to drive both axles simultaneously to provide at least two wheels, one front and one back to be driving the vehicle along. Now a lot of folks believe that 4×4 trucks can drive all four wheels simultaneously, but that’s not generally the case with all except a few specialist model vehicles which I’ll mention next.
Each axle of a 4×4 vehicle has what is called a differential (or diff), which applies drive equally between each wheel on that axle. When the vehicle is cornering, the diff applies more drive to the outer wheel describing the arc of the turn than to the inner wheel, to prevent the vehicle skidding off the road. Should one wheel on an axle spin, the other one will not drive at all and you may have noticed this phenomenon if you got your car stuck in mud – only one wheel will spin while the other one remains stationery. That’s because the diff is applying all the drive to one wheel that can turn easily (on the wet mud) and not to the other.
With a 4×4 truck or any other 4×4 vehicle, drive is applied to both axles, but drive to each wheel on each axle is governed by the differential. So if you’re in the wet and your wheels start spinning, someone standing outside the vehicle may notice that only one front wheel and one back wheel is spinning while the other two remain still.
So in effect, while its called four wheel drive, its actually only two wheel drive when you are in this situation. Now for the specialist 4×4 vehicles.
There are several Land Rover models which have a device called a diff lock, which can be engaged in circumstances of wet muddy terrain that will prevent the differential from balancing the drive on each axle and effectively force full drive to both wheels on that axle. These are the real 4×4 vehicles as they provide genuine drive to all four wheels equally, which is a real help when you’re in a very muddy situation and you need to climb a hill as well. Needless to say, you should never drive one of these vehicles on the road with the diff lock engaged or you will risk skidding off the road on a bend.
So now you know what the benefits of 4×4 trucks are.